Class: Net::HTTP

Send a GET request to the target and return the response as a string. The target can either be specified as (uri), or as (host, path, port = 80); so:

print Net::HTTP.get(URI.parse('http://www.example.com/index.html'))

or:

print Net::HTTP.get('www.example.com', '/index.html')

Get body from target and output it to $stdout. The target can either be specified as (uri), or as (host, path, port = 80); so:

Net::HTTP.get_print URI.parse('http://www.example.com/index.html')

or:

Net::HTTP.get_print 'www.example.com', '/index.html'

Send a GET request to the target and return the response as a Net::HTTPResponse object. The target can either be specified as (uri), or as (host, path, port = 80); so:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(URI.parse('http://www.example.com/index.html'))
print res.body

or:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response('www.example.com', '/index.html')
print res.body

The default port to use for HTTP requests; defaults to 80.

The default port to use for HTTPS requests; defaults to 443.

Creates a new Net::HTTP object. If proxy_addr is given, creates an Net::HTTP object with proxy support. This method does not open the TCP connection.

Posts HTML form data to the URL. Form data must be represented as a Hash of String to String, e.g:

{ "cmd" => "search", "q" => "ruby", "max" => "50" }

This method also does Basic Authentication iff URL.user exists.

Example:

require 'net/http'
require 'uri'

HTTP.post_form URI.parse('http://www.example.com/search.cgi'),
               { "q" => "ruby", "max" => "50" }

Creates an HTTP proxy class. Arguments are address/port of proxy host and username/password if authorization on proxy server is required. You can replace the HTTP class with created proxy class.

If ADDRESS is nil, this method returns self (Net::HTTP).

# Example
proxy_class = Net::HTTP::Proxy('proxy.example.com', 8080)
                :
proxy_class.start('www.ruby-lang.org') {|http|
  # connecting proxy.foo.org:8080
                :
}

returns true if self is a class which was created by HTTP::Proxy.

:nodoc: obsolete

call-seq:

HTTP.start(address, port, p_addr, p_port, p_user, p_pass, &block)
HTTP.start(address, port=nil, p_addr=nil, p_port=nil, p_user=nil, p_pass=nil, opt, &block)

creates a new Net::HTTP object and opens its TCP connection and HTTP session.

Argments are following:

opt sets following values by its accessor. The keys are ca_file, ca_path, cert, cert_store, ciphers, close_on_empty_response, key, open_timeout, read_timeout, ssl_timeout, ssl_version, use_ssl, verify_callback, verify_depth and verify_mode. If you set :use_ssl as true, you can use https and default value of verify_mode is set as OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER.

If the optional block is given, the newly created Net::HTTP object is passed to it and closed when the block finishes. In this case, the return value of this method is the return value of the block. If no block is given, the return value of this method is the newly created Net::HTTP object itself, and the caller is responsible for closing it upon completion.

Turns on net/http 1.1 (ruby 1.6) features. Defaults to OFF in ruby 1.8.

true if net/http is in version 1.1 compatible mode. Defaults to true.

Turns on net/http 1.2 (ruby 1.8) features. Defaults to ON in ruby 1.8.

I strongly recommend to call this method always.

require 'net/http'
Net::HTTP.version_1_2

true if net/http is in version 1.2 mode. Defaults to true.

Sends a DELETE request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Finishes HTTP session and closes TCP connection. Raises IOError if not started.

Gets data from path on the connected-to host. initheader must be a Hash like { 'Accept' => '/', ... }, and it defaults to an empty hash. If initheader doesn't have the key 'accept-encoding', then a value of "gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3" is used, so that gzip compression is used in preference to deflate compression, which is used in preference to no compression. Ruby doesn't have libraries to support the compress (Lempel-Ziv) compression, so that is not supported. The intent of this is to reduce bandwidth by default. If this routine sets up compression, then it does the decompression also, removing the header as well to prevent confusion. Otherwise it leaves the body as it found it.

In version 1.1 (ruby 1.6), this method returns a pair of objects, a Net::HTTPResponse object and the entity body string. In version 1.2 (ruby 1.8), this method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.

If called with a block, yields each fragment of the entity body in turn as a string as it is read from the socket. Note that in this case, the returned response object will not contain a (meaningful) body.

dest argument is obsolete. It still works but you must not use it.

In version 1.1, this method might raise an exception for 3xx (redirect). In this case you can get a HTTPResponse object by "anException.response".

In version 1.2, this method never raises exception.

# version 1.1 (bundled with Ruby 1.6)
response, body = http.get('/index.html')

# version 1.2 (bundled with Ruby 1.8 or later)
response = http.get('/index.html')

# using block
File.open('result.txt', 'w') {|f|
  http.get('/~foo/') do |str|
    f.write str
  end
}

Gets only the header from path on the connected-to host. header is a Hash like { 'Accept' => '/', ... }.

This method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.

In version 1.1, this method might raise an exception for 3xx (redirect). On the case you can get a HTTPResponse object by "anException.response". In version 1.2, this method never raises an exception.

response = nil
Net::HTTP.start('some.www.server', 80) {|http|
  response = http.head('/index.html')
}
p response['content-type']

Sends a LOCK request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Sends a MKCOL request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Sends a MOVE request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Sends a OPTIONS request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

return the X.509 certificates the server presented.

Posts data (must be a String) to path. header must be a Hash like { 'Accept' => '/', ... }.

In version 1.1 (ruby 1.6), this method returns a pair of objects, a Net::HTTPResponse object and an entity body string. In version 1.2 (ruby 1.8), this method returns a Net::HTTPResponse object.

If called with a block, yields each fragment of the entity body in turn as a string as it are read from the socket. Note that in this case, the returned response object will not contain a (meaningful) body.

dest argument is obsolete. It still works but you must not use it.

In version 1.1, this method might raise an exception for 3xx (redirect). In this case you can get an HTTPResponse object by "anException.response". In version 1.2, this method never raises exception.

# version 1.1
response, body = http.post('/cgi-bin/search.rb', 'query=foo')

# version 1.2
response = http.post('/cgi-bin/search.rb', 'query=foo')

# using block
File.open('result.txt', 'w') {|f|
  http.post('/cgi-bin/search.rb', 'query=foo') do |str|
    f.write str
  end
}

You should set Content-Type: header field for POST. If no Content-Type: field given, this method uses "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" by default.

Sends a PROPFIND request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Sends a PROPPATCH request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

True if self is a HTTP proxy class.

Address of proxy host. If self does not use a proxy, nil.

User password for accessing proxy. If self does not use a proxy, nil.

Port number of proxy host. If self does not use a proxy, nil.

User name for accessing proxy. If self does not use a proxy, nil.

:nodoc:

Sends an HTTPRequest object REQUEST to the HTTP server. This method also sends DATA string if REQUEST is a post/put request. Giving DATA for get/head request causes ArgumentError.

When called with a block, yields an HTTPResponse object. The body of this response will not have been read yet; the caller can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body, if desired.

Returns a HTTPResponse object.

This method never raises Net::* exceptions.

Sends a GET request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

When called with a block, yields an HTTPResponse object. The body of this response will not have been read yet; the caller can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body, if desired.

Returns the response.

This method never raises Net::* exceptions.

response = http.request_get('/index.html')
# The entity body is already read here.
p response['content-type']
puts response.body

# using block
http.request_get('/index.html') {|response|
  p response['content-type']
  response.read_body do |str|   # read body now
    print str
  end
}

Sends a HEAD request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Returns the response.

This method never raises Net::* exceptions.

response = http.request_head('/index.html')
p response['content-type']

Sends a POST request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

When called with a block, yields an HTTPResponse object. The body of this response will not have been read yet; the caller can process it using HTTPResponse#read_body, if desired.

Returns the response.

This method never raises Net::* exceptions.

# example
response = http.request_post('/cgi-bin/nice.rb', 'datadatadata...')
p response.status
puts response.body          # body is already read

# using block
http.request_post('/cgi-bin/nice.rb', 'datadatadata...') {|response|
  p response.status
  p response['content-type']
  response.read_body do |str|   # read body now
    print str
  end
}

:nodoc:

Sends an HTTP request to the HTTP server. This method also sends DATA string if DATA is given.

Returns a HTTPResponse object.

This method never raises Net::* exceptions.

response = http.send_request('GET', '/index.html')
puts response.body

WARNING This method causes serious security hole. Never use this method in production code.

Set an output stream for debugging.

http = Net::HTTP.new
http.set_debug_output $stderr
http.start { .... }

Opens TCP connection and HTTP session.

When this method is called with block, gives a HTTP object to the block and closes the TCP connection / HTTP session after the block executed.

When called with a block, returns the return value of the block; otherwise, returns self.

returns true if the HTTP session is started.

Sends a TRACE request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Sends a UNLOCK request to the path and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse object.

Turn on/off SSL. This flag must be set before starting session. If you change use_ssl value after session started, a Net::HTTP object raises IOError.

returns true if use SSL/TLS with HTTP.